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Quartz64 - Kühler

Verschoben Quartz64 - A
  • FrankMF

    Im Moment aktuell noch überhaupt nicht nötig aber wollte es trotzdem hier mal vorstellen.

    20210722_101305.jpg

    Auf dieses Board und auch genauso auf den ROCKPro64 passen ganz normale NorthBridge Kühler. Hier bei diesem Modell könnte man noch einen Lüfter drauf schrauben. Da ich keine Lüfter mag, mein NAS auf ROCKPro64 Basis hat auch nur einen Kühlkörper drauf, kommt da auch nie einer drauf.

    Im Fediverse -> @FrankM@nrw.social

    1. NanoPi R5S
    2. Quartz64 Model B, 4GB RAM
    3. Quartz64 Model A, 4GB RAM
    4. RockPro64 v2.1
    0
  • T

    @frankm

    the ram chip is higher as the cpu 😉

    1
  • FrankMF

    @thc013 I use an thermal pad. So i think it isn't an problem.

    Im Fediverse -> @FrankM@nrw.social

    1. NanoPi R5S
    2. Quartz64 Model B, 4GB RAM
    3. Quartz64 Model A, 4GB RAM
    4. RockPro64 v2.1
    0
  • FrankMF FrankM verschob dieses Thema von Hardware am
  • FrankMF FrankM verschob dieses Thema von Quartz64 - A am
  • FrankMF FrankM verschob dieses Thema von Quartz64 am

  • FrankMF

    ROCKPro64 - Kernel 5.3.0-rc4-1117 angetestet!

    ROCKPro64
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  • FrankMF

    ROCKPro64 - Armbian armbian-config

    Verschoben Armbian
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  • FrankMF

    Der 3. ROCKPro64

    ROCKPro64
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    FrankMF

    Nachdem ich jetzt mein NAS neu gemacht habe, schauen wir mal, was die Chinesen geliefert haben. Bestellt hatte ich

    ROCKPro64 v2.1 2GB RAM Kühlkörper Netzteil 3A USB-Adapter für eMMC-Modul

    Endlich habe ich mal an den USB-Adapter für das eMMC-Modul gedacht 🙂

    0_1540029624802_IMG_20181020_115348_ergebnis.jpg

    Was ist mir aufgefallen? Das Versionsdatum ist neu (siehe oben) Die PCIe NVMe Karte ist neu

    Bei der PCIe NVMe Karte liegt eine Abstandshülse aus Messing und eine winzig kleine Schraube bei. Damit bekomme ich aber nicht die NVMe-SSD befestigt. Ich habe dann gemurkst 😉 Da sollte Pine64 unbedingt nachbessern!

    So sieht das dann zusammengebaut aus.

    0_1540029756582_IMG_20181020_115425_ergebnis.jpg

    0_1540029767082_IMG_20181020_115438_ergebnis.jpg

    Da ich ein paarmal gelesen hatte, das Leute Probleme mit dem PCIe NVMe Adapter hatten, direkt als erstes mal ein Test ob das reibungslos funktioniert.

    Sys rock64@rockpro64:/mnt$ uname -a Linux rockpro64 4.4.132-1075-rockchip-ayufan-ga83beded8524 #1 SMP Thu Jul 26 08:22:22 UTC 2018 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux lspci rock64@rockpro64:/mnt$ sudo lspci -vvv [sudo] password for rock64: 00:00.0 PCI bridge: Rockchip Inc. RK3399 PCI Express Root Port Device 0100 (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort+ <TAbort+ <MAbort+ >SERR+ <PERR+ INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 238 Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00000000-00000fff Memory behind bridge: fa000000-fa0fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000-000fffff Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR- BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR- NoISA- VGA- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B- PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn- Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3 Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1+,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold-) Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME+ Capabilities: [90] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable+ 64bit+ Address: 00000000fee30040 Data: 0000 Masking: 00000000 Pending: 00000000 Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable- Count=1 Masked- Vector table: BAR=0 offset=00000000 PBA: BAR=0 offset=00000008 Capabilities: [c0] Express (v2) Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0 ExtTag- RBE+ DevCtl: Report errors: Correctable+ Non-Fatal+ Fatal+ Unsupported+ RlxdOrd+ ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop+ MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 512 bytes DevSta: CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr- TransPend- LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 5GT/s, Width x4, ASPM L1, Exit Latency L0s <256ns, L1 <8us ClockPM- Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot+ ASPMOptComp+ LnkCtl: ASPM L1 Enabled; RCB 64 bytes Disabled- CommClk- ExtSynch- ClockPM- AutWidDis- BWInt+ AutBWInt+ LnkSta: Speed 5GT/s, Width x4, TrErr- Train- SlotClk- DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt- SltCap: AttnBtn- PwrCtrl- MRL- AttnInd- PwrInd- HotPlug- Surprise- Slot #0, PowerLimit 0.000W; Interlock- NoCompl- SltCtl: Enable: AttnBtn- PwrFlt- MRL- PresDet- CmdCplt- HPIrq- LinkChg- Control: AttnInd Off, PwrInd Off, Power+ Interlock- SltSta: Status: AttnBtn- PowerFlt- MRL+ CmdCplt- PresDet- Interlock- Changed: MRL- PresDet- LinkState- RootCtl: ErrCorrectable- ErrNon-Fatal- ErrFatal- PMEIntEna+ CRSVisible- RootCap: CRSVisible- RootSta: PME ReqID 0000, PMEStatus- PMEPending- DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range B, TimeoutDis+, LTR+, OBFF Via message ARIFwd+ DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis-, LTR-, OBFF Disabled ARIFwd- LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 5GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis- Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS- Compliance De-emphasis: -6dB LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -6dB, EqualizationComplete-, EqualizationPhase1- EqualizationPhase2-, EqualizationPhase3-, LinkEqualizationRequest- Capabilities: [100 v2] Advanced Error Reporting UESta: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol- UEMsk: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol- UESvrt: DLP+ SDES+ TLP- FCP+ CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol- CESta: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- NonFatalErr- CEMsk: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- NonFatalErr+ AERCap: First Error Pointer: 00, GenCap+ CGenEn- ChkCap+ ChkEn- Capabilities: [274 v1] Transaction Processing Hints Interrupt vector mode supported Device specific mode supported Steering table in TPH capability structure Kernel driver in use: pcieport 01:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller SM961/PM961 (prog-if 02 [NVM Express]) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller SM961/PM961 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 237 Region 0: Memory at fa000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3 Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-) Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME- Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/32 Maskable- 64bit+ Address: 0000000000000000 Data: 0000 Capabilities: [70] Express (v2) Endpoint, MSI 00 DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s unlimited, L1 unlimited ExtTag- AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE+ FLReset+ SlotPowerLimit 0.000W DevCtl: Report errors: Correctable- Non-Fatal- Fatal- Unsupported- RlxdOrd+ ExtTag- PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop+ FLReset- MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 512 bytes DevSta: CorrErr- UncorrErr- FatalErr- UnsuppReq- AuxPwr+ TransPend- LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 8GT/s, Width x4, ASPM L1, Exit Latency L0s unlimited, L1 <64us ClockPM+ Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot- ASPMOptComp+ LnkCtl: ASPM L1 Enabled; RCB 64 bytes Disabled- CommClk- ExtSynch- ClockPM+ AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt- LnkSta: Speed 5GT/s, Width x4, TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt- DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range ABCD, TimeoutDis+, LTR+, OBFF Not Supported DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis-, LTR-, OBFF Disabled LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 8GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis- Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS- Compliance De-emphasis: -6dB LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -6dB, EqualizationComplete-, EqualizationPhase1- EqualizationPhase2-, EqualizationPhase3-, LinkEqualizationRequest- Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=8 Masked- Vector table: BAR=0 offset=00003000 PBA: BAR=0 offset=00002000 Capabilities: [100 v2] Advanced Error Reporting UESta: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol- UEMsk: DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol- UESvrt: DLP+ SDES+ TLP- FCP+ CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol- CESta: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- NonFatalErr- CEMsk: RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- NonFatalErr+ AERCap: First Error Pointer: 00, GenCap+ CGenEn- ChkCap+ ChkEn- Capabilities: [148 v1] Device Serial Number 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 Capabilities: [158 v1] Power Budgeting <?> Capabilities: [168 v1] #19 Capabilities: [188 v1] Latency Tolerance Reporting Max snoop latency: 0ns Max no snoop latency: 0ns Capabilities: [190 v1] L1 PM Substates L1SubCap: PCI-PM_L1.2+ PCI-PM_L1.1+ ASPM_L1.2+ ASPM_L1.1+ L1_PM_Substates+ PortCommonModeRestoreTime=10us PortTPowerOnTime=10us L1SubCtl1: PCI-PM_L1.2- PCI-PM_L1.1- ASPM_L1.2- ASPM_L1.1- T_CommonMode=0us LTR1.2_Threshold=0ns L1SubCtl2: T_PwrOn=10us Kernel driver in use: nvme

    Da sieht alles gut aus. x4 alles Bestens!

    iozone rock64@rockpro64:/mnt$ sudo iozone -e -I -a -s 100M -r 4k -r 16k -r 512k -r 1024k -r 16384k -i 0 -i 1 -i 2 Iozone: Performance Test of File I/O Version $Revision: 3.429 $ Compiled for 64 bit mode. Build: linux Contributors:William Norcott, Don Capps, Isom Crawford, Kirby Collins Al Slater, Scott Rhine, Mike Wisner, Ken Goss Steve Landherr, Brad Smith, Mark Kelly, Dr. Alain CYR, Randy Dunlap, Mark Montague, Dan Million, Gavin Brebner, Jean-Marc Zucconi, Jeff Blomberg, Benny Halevy, Dave Boone, Erik Habbinga, Kris Strecker, Walter Wong, Joshua Root, Fabrice Bacchella, Zhenghua Xue, Qin Li, Darren Sawyer, Vangel Bojaxhi, Ben England, Vikentsi Lapa. Run began: Sat Oct 20 10:08:28 2018 Include fsync in write timing O_DIRECT feature enabled Auto Mode File size set to 102400 kB Record Size 4 kB Record Size 16 kB Record Size 512 kB Record Size 1024 kB Record Size 16384 kB Command line used: iozone -e -I -a -s 100M -r 4k -r 16k -r 512k -r 1024k -r 16384k -i 0 -i 1 -i 2 Output is in kBytes/sec Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds. Processor cache size set to 1024 kBytes. Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes. File stride size set to 17 * record size. random random bkwd record stride kB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread 102400 4 63896 108269 91858 95309 32845 73173 102400 16 123393 236653 273766 275807 118450 199130 102400 512 471775 570571 484612 496942 441345 575817 102400 1024 544229 642558 508895 511834 486506 647765 102400 16384 1044520 1100322 1069825 1092146 1089301 1086757 iozone test complete.

    Das sieht nicht optimal aus, schau ich mir später an. Das hier soll nur ein kurzer Test sein ob das Board rennt 🙂

    Nachdem ich mittlerweile zwei ROCKPro64 im "produktiven" Einsatz habe, war es immer sehr mühsam mal eben was zu testen. Man will die anderen ja nicht immer ausmachen, dran rumhantieren usw. Deswegen jetzt der dritte, der im Moment dann die Rolle des Testkandidaten einnimmt. Ab sofort kann ich wieder nach Lust und Laune, neue Images testen usw.

  • FrankMF

    SATA Karte Marvell 88SE9230 Chipsatz

    Angeheftet Hardware
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    FrankMF

    Ok, es gibt noch eine andere Möglichkeit.

    Kamil hat mir noch ein wenig geholfen. Mit folgender Änderung werden die Platten gefunden.

    hmm, I had to add /etc/default/extlinux: libahci.skip_host_reset=1

    Sieht dann so aus.

    # Configure timeout to choose the kernel # TIMEOUT="10" # Configure default kernel to boot: check all kernels in `/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf` # DEFAULT="kernel-4.4.126-rockchip-ayufan-253" # Configure additional kernel configuration options APPEND="$APPEND root=LABEL=linux-root rootwait rootfstype=ext4 libahci.skip_host_reset=1"

    Danach waren die Platten zu sehen.

    root@rockpro64:/tmp/etc/default# blkid /dev/sda2: SEC_TYPE="msdos" LABEL_FATBOOT="boot-efi" LABEL="boot-efi" UUID="ABCD-FC7D" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="boot_efi" PARTUUID="72e36967-4050-4bb3-8f8f-bf6755c38f28" /dev/sda3: LABEL="linux-boot" UUID="8e289a3e-0f9b-4da1-a147-51e03390637c" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="linux_boot" PARTUUID="fe944fd2-3e42-4202-8a95-656e9bdb4be6" /dev/sda4: LABEL="linux-root" UUID="3e9513c6-dfd1-48c9-bee2-04bb5a153056" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="linux_root" PARTUUID="d2d1dd88-030d-4f74-998f-7c9ce7d385d0" /dev/sdb2: SEC_TYPE="msdos" LABEL_FATBOOT="boot-efi" LABEL="boot-efi" UUID="56C9-F745" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="boot_efi" PARTUUID="919c8f73-5f25-4a01-9072-3a5ed9a88ff2" /dev/sdb3: LABEL="linux-boot" UUID="23c19647-f4a1-4197-a877-f1bb03456bef" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="linux_boot" PARTUUID="093d0cc0-d122-4dce-aeb5-4e266b4b7d9d" /dev/sdb4: LABEL="linux-root" UUID="f1c74331-8318-4ee8-a4f7-f0c169fb9944" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="linux_root" PARTUUID="964ab457-58d5-40c4-bb02-dfd37bd2f0da" /dev/sda1: PARTLABEL="loader1" PARTUUID="37466429-e4a4-495c-b9a1-3f74625a3cae" /dev/sdb1: PARTLABEL="loader1" PARTUUID="33f692b3-54cb-4a37-b602-21a2baf32fa0"

    Aber auch hiermit ist ein Boot von der SATA Platte nicht möglich.

    Ich möchte hier noch was vom kamil zitieren.

    (11:44:09) ayufanWithPM: will look later, but this controller is tricky, also on x86 as well
    (11:44:16) ayufanWithPM: jms585 seems to be significantly more stable

    Evt. bekommt er das gefixt 😉

  • FrankMF

    [HOWTO]ROCKPro64 - NAS bauen Teil 1

    Angeheftet ROCKPro64
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    FrankMF

    Die Pinne für den Adapter liegen ja nur parallel zum Eingang des Steckers vom Netzteil. Also, solange da nichts abfackelt kann man da eine Menge Strom drüber jagen 🙂

    Wenn es funktioniert ist ja alles gut.

  • FrankMF

    Benchmark Script

    ROCKPro64
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    FrankMF
    Mainline

    Mein gekürztes Ergebnis auf einem ROCKPro64 v2.0 mit 4GB RAM und 4.18er Kernel, dieser ROCK benutzt eine SD-Karte!

    Gekürzt

    Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS Release: 18.04 Codename: bionic Architecture: arm64 Uptime: 16:14:56 up 4 min, 1 user, load average: 0.08, 0.02, 0.01 Linux 4.18.0-rc5-1048-ayufan-g69e417fe38cf (rockpro64) 07/27/18 _aarch64_ (6 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 0.54 0.00 0.74 0.39 0.00 98.33 Device tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn mmcblk0 20.63 634.58 48.26 168380 12804 nvme0n1 0.14 4.01 0.00 1064 0 total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 3.8G 241M 3.4G 19M 201M 3.5G Swap: 0B 0B 0B ##########################################################################

    Komplett -> http://ix.io/1ix7

  • FrankMF

    zram - Was das??

    ROCKPro64
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    FrankMF

    @tkaiser ; Ich hab dich vermisst 😂

    Danke für die Info, ich bin vor dem ROCKPro64 da noch nie so richtig drüber gestolpert. Aber wenn ich dann was finde, schau auch immer wofür es denn bitte ist.

    Danke für Deine Hinweise.

  • FrankMF

    stretch-minimal-rockpro64

    Verschoben Linux
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    FrankMF

    Mal ein Test was der Speicher so kann.

    rock64@rockpro64:~/tinymembench$ ./tinymembench tinymembench v0.4.9 (simple benchmark for memory throughput and latency) ========================================================================== == Memory bandwidth tests == == == == Note 1: 1MB = 1000000 bytes == == Note 2: Results for 'copy' tests show how many bytes can be == == copied per second (adding together read and writen == == bytes would have provided twice higher numbers) == == Note 3: 2-pass copy means that we are using a small temporary buffer == == to first fetch data into it, and only then write it to the == == destination (source -> L1 cache, L1 cache -> destination) == == Note 4: If sample standard deviation exceeds 0.1%, it is shown in == == brackets == ========================================================================== C copy backwards : 2812.7 MB/s C copy backwards (32 byte blocks) : 2811.9 MB/s C copy backwards (64 byte blocks) : 2632.8 MB/s C copy : 2667.2 MB/s C copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 2633.5 MB/s C copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 2640.8 MB/s C 2-pass copy : 2509.8 MB/s C 2-pass copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 2431.6 MB/s C 2-pass copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 2424.1 MB/s C fill : 4887.7 MB/s (0.5%) C fill (shuffle within 16 byte blocks) : 4883.0 MB/s C fill (shuffle within 32 byte blocks) : 4889.3 MB/s C fill (shuffle within 64 byte blocks) : 4889.2 MB/s --- standard memcpy : 2807.3 MB/s standard memset : 4890.4 MB/s (0.3%) --- NEON LDP/STP copy : 2803.7 MB/s NEON LDP/STP copy pldl2strm (32 bytes step) : 2802.1 MB/s NEON LDP/STP copy pldl2strm (64 bytes step) : 2800.7 MB/s NEON LDP/STP copy pldl1keep (32 bytes step) : 2745.5 MB/s NEON LDP/STP copy pldl1keep (64 bytes step) : 2745.8 MB/s NEON LD1/ST1 copy : 2801.9 MB/s NEON STP fill : 4888.9 MB/s (0.3%) NEON STNP fill : 4850.1 MB/s ARM LDP/STP copy : 2803.8 MB/s ARM STP fill : 4893.0 MB/s (0.5%) ARM STNP fill : 4851.7 MB/s ========================================================================== == Framebuffer read tests. == == == == Many ARM devices use a part of the system memory as the framebuffer, == == typically mapped as uncached but with write-combining enabled. == == Writes to such framebuffers are quite fast, but reads are much == == slower and very sensitive to the alignment and the selection of == == CPU instructions which are used for accessing memory. == == == == Many x86 systems allocate the framebuffer in the GPU memory, == == accessible for the CPU via a relatively slow PCI-E bus. Moreover, == == PCI-E is asymmetric and handles reads a lot worse than writes. == == == == If uncached framebuffer reads are reasonably fast (at least 100 MB/s == == or preferably >300 MB/s), then using the shadow framebuffer layer == == is not necessary in Xorg DDX drivers, resulting in a nice overall == == performance improvement. For example, the xf86-video-fbturbo DDX == == uses this trick. == ========================================================================== NEON LDP/STP copy (from framebuffer) : 602.5 MB/s NEON LDP/STP 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 551.6 MB/s NEON LD1/ST1 copy (from framebuffer) : 667.1 MB/s NEON LD1/ST1 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 605.6 MB/s ARM LDP/STP copy (from framebuffer) : 445.3 MB/s ARM LDP/STP 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 428.8 MB/s ========================================================================== == Memory latency test == == == == Average time is measured for random memory accesses in the buffers == == of different sizes. The larger is the buffer, the more significant == == are relative contributions of TLB, L1/L2 cache misses and SDRAM == == accesses. For extremely large buffer sizes we are expecting to see == == page table walk with several requests to SDRAM for almost every == == memory access (though 64MiB is not nearly large enough to experience == == this effect to its fullest). == == == == Note 1: All the numbers are representing extra time, which needs to == == be added to L1 cache latency. The cycle timings for L1 cache == == latency can be usually found in the processor documentation. == == Note 2: Dual random read means that we are simultaneously performing == == two independent memory accesses at a time. In the case if == == the memory subsystem can't handle multiple outstanding == == requests, dual random read has the same timings as two == == single reads performed one after another. == ========================================================================== block size : single random read / dual random read 1024 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 2048 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 4096 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 8192 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 16384 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 32768 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns 65536 : 4.5 ns / 7.2 ns 131072 : 6.8 ns / 9.7 ns 262144 : 9.8 ns / 12.8 ns 524288 : 11.4 ns / 14.7 ns 1048576 : 16.0 ns / 22.6 ns 2097152 : 114.0 ns / 175.3 ns 4194304 : 161.7 ns / 219.9 ns 8388608 : 190.7 ns / 241.5 ns 16777216 : 205.3 ns / 250.5 ns 33554432 : 212.9 ns / 255.5 ns 67108864 : 222.3 ns / 271.1 ns