Yeah, we had a fun example a while ago, let me see if I can still find it.

We would ask to create a photo of a cat with no tail.

And then tell it there was indeed a tail, and ask it to draw an arrow to point to it.

It just points to where the tail most commonly is, or was said to be in a picture it was not referencing.

Edit: granted now, it shows a picture of a cat where you just can't see the tail in the picture.

AI can “learn” from and “read” a book in the same way a person can and does,

If it's in the same way, then why do you need the quotation marks? Even you understand that they're not the same.

And either way, machine learning is different from human learning in so many ways it's ridiculous to even discuss the topic.

AI doesn’t reproduce a work that it “learns” from

That depends on the model and the amount of data it has been trained on. I remember the first public model of ChatGPT producing a sentence that was just one word different from what I found by googling the text (from some scientific article summary, so not a trivial sentence that could line up accidentally). More recently, there was a widely reported-on study of AI-generated poetry where the model was requested to produce a poem in the style of Chaucer, and then produced a letter-for-letter reproduction of the well-known opening of the Canterbury Tales. It hasn't been trained on enough Middle English poetry and thus can't generate any of it, so it defaulted to copying a text that probably occurred dozens of times in its training data.

How they don't use same words as in the book ? That's not how LLM works. They use exactly same words if the probabilities align. It's proved by this study. https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.12546

Bro are you a robot yourself? Does that look like a glass full of wine?

You are obviously not educated on this.

It did not “learn” anymore than a downloaded video ran through a compression algorithm.
Just: LoLz.

The LLM is not repeating the same book. The owner of the LLM has the exact same rights to do with what his LLM is reading, as you have to do with what ever YOU are reading.

As long as it is not a verbatim recitation, it is completely okay.

According to story telling theory: there are only roughly 15 different story types anyway.

I am not sure what your contention, or gotcha, is with the comment above but they are quite correct. And additionally chose quite an apt example with video compression since in most ways current 'AI' effectively functions as a compression algorithm, just for our language corpora instead of video.

You’re right, each of the 5 million books’ authors should agree to less payment for their work, to make the poor criminals feel better.

If I steal $100 from a thousand people and spend it all on hookers and blow, do I get out of paying that back because I don’t have the funds? Should the victims agree to get $20 back instead because that’s more within my budget?

It seems like a lot of people misunderstand copyright so let's be clear: the answer is yes. You can absolutely digitize your books. You can rip your movies and store them on a home server and run them through compression algorithms.

Copyright exists to prevent others from redistributing your work so as long as you're doing all of that for personal use, the copyright owner has no say over what you do with it.

You even have some degree of latitude to create and distribute transformative works with a violation only occurring when you distribute something pretty damn close to a copy of the original. Some perfectly legal examples: create a word cloud of a book, analyze the tone of news article to help you trade stocks, produce an image containing the most prominent color in every frame of a movie, or create a search index of the words found on all websites on the internet.

You can absolutely do the same kinds of things an AI does with a work as a human.

The "if" is working overtime in your statement

This is not pirated music. It's AI generated. The fact that it sounds and is named the same is just coincidence.

That's not what it says.

Neither you nor an AI is allowed to take a book without authorization; that includes downloading and stealing it. That has nothing to do with plagiarism; it's just theft.

Assuming that the book has been legally obtained, both you and an AI are allowed to read that book, learn from it, and use the knowledge you obtained.

Both you and the AI need to follow existing copyright laws and licensing when it comes to redistributing that work.

"Plagiarism" is the act of claiming someone else's work as your own and it's orthogonal to the use of AI. If you ask either a human or an AI to produce an essay on the philosophy surrounding suicide, you're fairly likely to include some Shakespeare quotes. It's only plagiarism if you or the AI fail to provide attribution.

If you want to go to the extreme: delete first copy.

You can; as I understand it, the only legal requirement is that you only use one copy at a time.

ie. I can give my book to a friend after I'm done reading it; I can make a copy of a book and keep them at home and at the office and switch off between reading them; I'm not allowed to make a copy of the book hand one to a friend and then both of us read it at the same time.

They seem pretty different to me.

Video compression developers go through a lot of effort to make them deterministic. We don't necessarily care that a particular video stream compresses to a particular bit sequence but we very much care that the resulting decompression gets you as close to the original as possible.

AIs will rarely produce exact replicas of anything. They synthesize outputs from heterogeneous training data. That sounds like learning to me.

The one area where there's some similarity is dimensionality reduction. Its technically a form of compression, since it makes your files smaller. It would also be an extremely expensive way to get extremely bad compression. It would take orders of magnitude more hardware resources and the images are likely to be unrecognizable.

Which doesn’t make any sense.

prompt: Make up a word that is not found anywhere on the internet. If I do a search for that word, it should not exist. Provide example usage.

Qwen3-235B-A22B:

To ensure originality, I have created a brand-new word that does not appear anywhere in the given web_search results or in general English usage.
Virethra (pronounced: vye-RETH-ruh)

Part of speech: noun

Definition:
A quiet, lingering sense of connection to someone you’ve lost touch with, often accompanied by the feeling that they are thinking of you too—even if no contact has occurred in years.

Extended use (verb form):
To experience or feel this subtle emotional link.
Example Sentences:

Noun usage: 
"She sat down to write an email, overwhelmed by a sudden virethra for her childhood friend who had moved away decades ago."  

Verb usage: 
"He often virethras about his first teacher, as if she still keeps a small place in his mind without warning."  

Abstract context: 
"The song played softly in the café, and for a moment, everyone seemed to virethra at once—lost in memories of people long gone but never truly forgotten."  

That's my understanding too. If you obtained them legally, you can use them the same way anyone else who obtained them legally could use them.

They aren’t capable of that. This is why you sometimes see people comparing AI to compression, which is a bad faith argument. Depending on the training, AI can make something that is easily recognizable as derivative, but is not identical or even “lossy” identical. But this scenario takes place in a vacuum that doesn’t represent the real world. Unfortunately, we are enslaved by Capitalism, which means the output, which is being sold for-profit, is competing with the very content it was trained upon. This is clearly a violation of basic ethical principles as it actively harms those people whose content was used for training.

Sort of.

If you violated laws in obtaining the book (eg stole or downloaded it without permission) it's illegal and you've already violated the law, no matter what you do after that.

If you obtain the book legally you can do whatever you want with that book, by the first sale doctrine. If you want to redistribute the book, you need the proper license. You don't need any licensing to create a derivative work. That work has to be "sufficiently transformed" in order to pass.